AviationCarbon emissions from commercial flight are set to triple by 2050 amid surging travel and freight demand.NonroadInternal combustion engines are ubiquitous in today’s society.FuelDecarbonizing the transportation sector will require that liquid or gaseous fuels powering vehicles be produced in a low-carbon or carbon-neutral way.HDVRising demand for freight transport means heavy vehicles contribute an increasing share of carbon emissions.LDVICCT research supports effective design of standards for emissions and fuel efficiency as well as fiscal incentives for the long-term transition to zero-emission vehicles.MarineOcean-going ships, which carry more than 80% of world trade by volume, could contribute 17% of human-caused carbon emissions by 2050.